Reg No: 40076

Title: Study of the possibility of mechanized  harvesting of mungbean in different varieties

Abstract: 23) This study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the possibility of mechanized harvest of mungbean at Safiabad agricultural research center of Dezfull,Iran.The experimental design was a randomized complete block with factorialأarrangement of treatments with three replications. First factor consisted of two methods of traditional and mechanical harvesting. Second factor consisted of three varieties of mung bean. Results showed that the effect of mung bean varieties and interaction of harvest method and mung bean varieties on yield were significant. Effect of harvesting method and mung bean varities on grain breaking was also significant. Harvest cost and time was also significantly different between harvest methods , and harvest cost and time was higher in traditional Method of harvest. As a result of dryness of mungbean plants at harvest , grain breaking and loss was higher in mechanized harvesting so the yield was lower. Because of higher speed and efficiency and lower costs in mechanized harvesting and hardship of harvest in traditional harvesting, mechanized harvesting is better and have advantages on the traditional harvesting.       

Keywords: Mungbean,mechanized harvesting,traditional harvesting,Mungbean varieties

Reg No: 40077

Title: (Developing canola F1 hybrids and maintaining genetic materials (male sterile, maintainer and restorer lines

Abstract: This research project was conducted in order to produce canola F1 hybrids and genetic resources (restorer, male-sterile and maintainer) maintenance in 2010 to 2011 in Gorgan Agricultural research Station. The experiment was sowed on 4th November 2010. A total of 18 male-sterile (A) lines were used and every plot was consist of three lines of male-sterile and two lines of restorer. To control pollination, every plot of the project (three lines of male-sterile and two lines of restorer) was isolated using clothe screen and metal frames before initial blooming up to end of blooming. Produced seeds from pollens of restore and male-sterile lines were harvested as F1ص.seed. Seeds produced from self-pollination of restorer lines were harvested and maintained as source of restore line seeds for next plantation (1200 g). Each male-sterile line (A) was planted along with its maintainer line (B) in order to reproduce both A- and B-line seeds.  A-line was produced through pollination of male-sterile line with its maintainer line pollens, while B-line reproduced by self-pollination

Reg No: 40078

Title: Ecomorphotype Study of Iran Scorpions Khoozesttan, busheh,Horozgan,Ilam,Fars, Kerman,Kohgiouyh&Boyer ahmad  and Lorestan

Abstract: .In this study 690 localities from different provinces of Iran: khoozestan, bushehr, Ilam, kerman, fars, charmahal& bakhtiyari, Lorestan and kogkiloyeh & boyer ahmad Had been sereached for scorpions by UV light, and totally 4700 speciemens 25 species from three families Buthidae, scorpionidae and Hemiscorpiidae dscribed, among them are four new species Hottentotta khoozestanus, Hottentotta lorestanus, Vachoniolus iranus and compsobuthus persicus were new for Iran and the world.  Morphological studies showed that significant difference between different body parts Hemiscorpious, Scorpio maurus, Odontobuthus and Apisthobuthus

Reg No: 40079

Title: The Study of trichobothrial pattern and Sternum in buthid Scorpion in Khouzestan prvince

Abstract: Hottentotta ،Compsobuthus، Odontobuthus، Androctonus، Mesobuthus، H.schach and H.saulcyi  db trichobothrium  of fixed finger  is between et and est.   Orthochirus, design of esb1/esb2 on external part of patella is various. The distribution of trichobothria in Vachoniolus showed that the number of trichobothry on external part of patella is more than 7. Females have 8 trichobothria (additional esb) on external part of patella. But 7 trichobothria have rarely been observed, et trichobothrium is absent. 9 trichobothria have been seen in males due to 2 accessory trichobotria esba in external part of patella. Vachoniolus iranus e2   Trichobothrium is before d5. It is worth mentioning that in other species (Family: Buthidae) , e2 trichobothrium on external part of femur is situated after d5 trichobothrium. Based on trichobothrial pattern on pedipalp (femur, patella, manus and fixed finger), Buthid scorpions have divided in 3 groups.  Group1: Apistobuthus، Orthochirus and Compsobuthus ,trichobothria et and est of fixed finger are between dt and db. Razianus, trichobothry db is located in parallel with trichobothry est and et is between db db and dt. H. khoozestanus, dt and db are above et. In contrast, in H.zagrosensis، Odontobuthus،  Androctonus،  Mesobuthus،In order to investigate the distribution of trichobothry on pedipalp and also the diversity of sternum in Buthidae , Khouzestan province, Samples were collected from different regions of the province (Baghmalek, Choghazanbil, Shadegan, Masjed-Soleyman, Shushtar, Naft-Sefid, Lali, Omidieh, Ahvaz, Ramhormoz, Dezful and Bustan). After identifying using valid keys, due to investigation of the captured scorpion trichobothrial pattern, pedipalp of samples were separated from each section (femur, patella and tibia). Of four parts were taken photographs using a stereomicroscope .By the use of this photos the position of trichobothria on each part has been studied and for every species a schematic pattern has been drawn. Some photos has been taken from sternum and then 7 parameters (leg coxa II length, leg coxa III length, leg coxa IV length, sternum length, sternum posterior width, sternum apex width and sternum apex lateral side length) of sternocoxal in some species has been measured. Regarding 7 parameters ,  5 ratios (M1 : CoxaIIIL / CoxaIIL,  M2 : CoxaIVL /CoxaIIL  , M3: CoxaIIL /sternum AL  , M4: sternumPW    / Sternum AW,      M5:  sternumPW  /  sternumL) were calculated. In the survey of buthid scorpions  trichobothrial pattern,  this family has orthobothriotaxy type A.    Apistobuthus و.Razianus.Group2: Vachoniolus. Group 3: Orthochirus.  It has been observed differences in number and size of d2 trichobothrium in Orthochirus. Some samples has d2which was called petite and others did not have any trichobothry. In all genera related to buthidae,d3  Trichobothrium is internal (between DIc and DMc ) and only d4 trichobothrium was observed external (between DMc and DEc ). DMc did not observed in Vachoniolus.  All buthid scorpions have sternum Type 1.It has posterior depression which does not bisect the posterior edge of sternum .While the size of posterior depression is variable. The apex of sternum is various in this type. Horizontal compression was observed in all samples. The mean of horizontal compression is that sternum is compressed from lateral and is longer in length. Sternum is pentagonal in buthidae. It is nothing that M1 measures the degree of elongation in leg coxa III, and it is a possible indicator of narrowing of a sternum. M2 shows the degree of elongation in leg coxa IV and it is possible indicator of narrowing of a sternum too. M3 illustrates narrowing of the anterior aspect of sternum also vertical and horizontal compression. M4 shows horizontal compression.M5 indicates vertical compression. Statistical test showed that T-Test between the M3, M4 and M5 in both species, H.saulcyi and H.shach, are significant differences (P 0/05).With regard to results of this study, some parameters in sternocoxal can be used for identifying similar scorpions with other morphologic characters. Moreover, in trichobothrial pattern of buthid scorpions of Khouzestan province, some differences in distribution of trichobothria in various parts of pedipalp were observed which can use for identifying genus or species from each other. Therefore, it is recommended that new species and also species complex in view of sternocoxal and trichobothrial pattern  study and based on these morphologic characters, key writes to identify scorpions

Reg No: 40080

Title: Advanced yield trials of maize hybrids for forage production in different locations in Iran

Abstract: 2-‎10 new Iranian maize hybrids produced in Maize and Forage Crops research department of SPII with control hybrid KSC704 (as hybrid no. 11) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design to comparison for wet and dry forage yield in Karaj, Isfahan, Varamin and Mashad in 2010. Seeds of all hybrids cultivated in 3 lines with 5 meters length. The Distance between rows and seeds in row was 75 and 18 centimeters respectively. All agronomical operations were done based on current methods in maize and forage research department of SPII. The traits such as anthesis, silking, ASI, plant height, ear height, number of leaves, stem diameter, wet and dry weight of plant and ear separately in first doughy stage of kernels were measured. The results showed that the hybrid no. 5 (K3304/1أMO17) had more dry and wet forage yield. Hybrid no. 5, in addition hybrids no. 6, 7, 8 and 10 are recommended to evaluate in final experiments in the next years. Hybrid no 3 had more ear/forage weight percentage and seems to have more forage quality therefore it's recomended to evaluate it qualitically more exactly.  

Keywords: Maize, forage maize, dry forage yield and wet forage yield

Reg No: 40084

Title: .(Investigation on Landslide in Watersheds of Iran (Measurement of one-meter depth temperature for Ground water veins Exploration in Landslide Masses

Abstract: Development of Life line such as gas, water pipelines and electricity lines are the result of the development of human activity toward higher elevation. This is the result of population expansion in recent decades. No detail studies on slope satiability of developed area have caused many landslides events that caused severe damage to people properties and in some case to the death of many habitants.  Mnajil and Fatalak landslides in Roudbar city during Manjil earthquake (1990) and Abikar landslide in Farsan city-Char Mohal Province in 1998 are some example of disastrous events resulted to 173 and 53 death in Fatalak and Abikar.  One of the most effective factors is the condition of water that resulted to mass saturation and water table fluctuation that makes it important for investigation.  There are many different methods for ground water exploration and to interpret the condition of ground water that have some positive and negative points.    To plan any kind of prevention work in an active landslide, it is necessary to obtain enough information about the condition of ground water in moving masses and bedrock.   Measurement of temperature of spring-water and wells in landslide area show that the variation of temperature of ground water in winter and summer is negligible and it is comparatively stable.  However, the temperature of ground surface at one-meter depth is not stable. This variation can be due to the non-uniform distribution of ground water.  Based on this fact, it is possible to detect the vein-stream of ground water in displaced masses by measuring one-meter depth temperature (Takeuchi, 1980).  In this method of investigation, the temperature of one-meter depth on a net work of landslide area is measured; then, the map of isothermal contour lines of one-meter depth temperature will be prepared. This map can be used to interpret the position of ground water and vein-streams in landslide masses.  This method was used in three large-scale reactivated landslides in Akha area and Roudbar city and Barikan region located in Alborz Range, north and northeast of Tehran, Iran in cooperation with Disaster Prevention research Institute, Kyoto University (DPRI) and Natural Disaster research Institute NIGATA University. This study was done using base data available in SCWMRI. The basics of the method and its application in these three landslides are reported in this paper.   

Keywords: instability, monitoring, Ground water, Thermometry

Reg No: 40085

Title: (Study the allowance forage of the important range species in key ranges of 5 bioclimatic zones of Iran (Golestan -Sar Aliabad

Abstract: One of the important factors to determine grazing capacity is specify the allowance of species. The reason non enough information to basis allowance, this research has done in order to study 10 important rangeland species of Sar Aliabad-e-Gorgan Site. Treatments in each block consisting of four heavily harvested 25 and 50 and 75 percent and control (no harvest) were. Each treatment based on 10 species considered as being repeated on each dependent variable examined. Results in split plot statistical design with ten replicates at four years 2006 to 2011 on the site Sar Aliabad-e-Gorgan SAS software were analyzed. The results showed that all of 10 species, year, harvest and year and interplay degree are statistically significant. In this region, For Festuca ovina up to 58 percent, Agropyrum intermedium, Centaurea zuvandica, Bromus tomentellus up to 25 percent, Agropyrum trichophorum   between 25 to 75 percents, koeleria cristata up to 39 percent, Poa angustifolia up to 32, Medicago sativa up to 30 Trifolium repens up to 42 percent and Medicago lupulina  up to 25 percent  are recommended. Totally to consideration rangelands type the allowance of this site %58 is recommended.   

Keywords:   Allowance, harvesting intensity, forage, Sar Aliabad-e-Gorgan

Reg No: 40086

Title: (Study the allowance forage  of the important range species in key ranges of 5 bioclimatic zones of Iran (Golestan-Til Abad

Abstract: One important factor in determining grazing capacity is specify the allowance the Allowance harvesting of species. The reason not enough information in this regard, this research has done in order to determining of allowance harvesting intensity of 5 important rangeland species in Til Abad Site. In this study, 4 harvesting intensity 0, 25, 50 and 75 percent in 10 repead was comparisoned for 4 years. In Til Abad Site 5 important species such as Artemisia sieberi, Erutia ceratoides, Festuca ovina, Stipa barbata and Poa bulbosa selected and 4 treatments 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% in each year on them done. The Result showed that harvesting intensity on each species not significant different in each years, but significant difference were between treatments of one species in duration four years. The mean harvest weight percent (actual harvesting) species selected showed that in all of species, less than the rate is applied. The results of vigor and vitality in the selected species during four years of study showed that species of Artemisia sieberi, Stipa barbata, Festuca ovina and Eurotia ceratoides had vitality of good and Poa bulbosa moderate to good (in months of March and April). According to semi-arid climatic zone, rocky soil and mean annual precipitation of 270 mm, is within acceptable limit.  

Keywords: Allowance harvesting intensity, Til Abad Site, Golestan Province

Reg No: 40094

Title: Evaluation of sugar beet hybrids resistant to Rhizomania and root rot disease

Abstract: Rhizomania and Rhizoctonia diseases are important sugar beet diseases in the khorasan. Both of them are usually existed sugar beet fields. In recent years, the damage of this disease was very high. Use of resistant cultivars is the best way to deal with it. Resistant hybrids to evaluate for their resistance to diseases were planted in infected areas of Torbat Jam and Shiraz and among them resistant hybrids will be introduced.   The results of this study showed differences between experiment locations. In Torbat Jam, higher level of disease was existed relative to Shiraz. Between hybrids with a common paternal parent, differences for root and sugar yield and resistance traits existed. In some experiments, Root yield and sugar yield of hybrids relative to resistant cultivar was superior, and also hybrids had resistant to these diseases          Kay Words: Rhizomania diseases, Rhizoctonia diseases, sugar beet, resistant hybrid seed, pollination line, Male Sterile line

Reg No: 40095

Title: (The study of Rural women's educational needs in process of healthy milk production in traditional dairy (Case Of Bam

Abstract: .Traditional dairy is one of the wholest units for producing milk in rural communities. Rural women's are managers of this, that unfortunately they have no education. Quality value in milk is low and microbial count in it is high. In this study, rural women's educational needs in process of healthy milk product, have investigated. The results of this study show that among the individual, characteristics, there was a positive and significant relationship between age, education level and dairy farming experience with technical knowledge. Also, the results indicated that among the extension variables there was positive and significant relationship between participating in educational programs and, use of extension publications with technical knowledge about quality of milk. Base on education need, technical knowledge of 34.6 percentages of women's rural is low level, 39.2 percentages of these is average, 15.9 percentages is good and 10.3 percentages is very good. The educational needs of mentioned people were concerned mainly with successive factors of milking, cattle husbandry units sanitation. 

Keywords:  Rural women's, healthy milk production, need educational, Bam province

Reg No: 40096

Title: .Determination effective factors on aquatics demand and its extension approach in Kerman province

Abstract: In this study by using the Almost Ideal Demand system (A.I.D.S) the demand function for types of aquatics meat in Kerman city by time series data 1363-1387 have been estimated. Price and non-price elasticity's of Marshal and Hicks demand function were investigated. Cross elasticity within chicken meat and aquatics meat show that they are replacement to each other. Income elasticity shows that aquatics meat is a staple commodity in urban population and a luxury commodity in rural commodity. Price policy is one of the most effective solutions. Government must applied price regulation policy in market by supplying type of aquatics meat into the markets and direct selling.   

Keywords:  Almost Ideal Demand System, Price, Income and Cross elasticity, Meat aquatics consumers, Kerman province

Reg No: 40097

Title: Evaluation, purification and reproduction of tetraploid cotton genotypes

Abstract: ,In order to purification, multiplication and production of nucleus of cotton seed, 60 tetraploid genotypes were investigated in Varamin, Gorgan and Kashmar rigions during year 2006-2007. At the first year, in view of purification, some plants of each genotype were selected and were evaluated in form of RCB design at the next year. The recorded data variances of different traits were analysed. The results showed that, great variations were exist among genotypes. Harvested seeds of second year are purifie combination of genotypes which are conserved in seed store and wil used in cotton breeding programme in future.    

Keywords: Cotton

Reg No: 40098

Title: yield potential comparison of early maturity cotton varieties in different regions of iran

Abstract: .Cotton usually is cultivated after wheat and canola in different regions of Iran, whereas introduction of new earliness cotton varieties for maximizing of growth season efficiency is of importance. In this research, 13 earliness cotton genotypes were studied in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in four replication at Karkande Cotton Research Station (Golestan Province). The data analysis showed signification for micronair and fiber uniformity and fiber strength in 2007 (P0.05). Difference for earliness among genotypes was not significance. BeliIzovar variety was located in A class for seed cotton yield, but chirpan 539 for earliness. In general, B557 variety candidate as a superior genotype for next cotton releasing program in Golestan province.     

Keywords: Cotton, Early varieties, Yield

Reg No: 40099

Title: Evaluation of sunflower promising hybrids in farmers field of Fars province

Abstract:   Its essential to perform agronomic evaluations under farmers fields condition to select the best promising varieties and hybrids before releasing. A three replicates RCBD experiment was conducted using the recent promising sunflower hybrid (CMS19*R-1031) along with Uroflor, Allstar , Farrokh, SHF80-90 hybrids , Armaviresky cultivar and two open pollination populations in Pasargad and Marvdasht (Fars prvenice) in 2010. Each plot was consisted of four rows with 10.5 m length. Row spacing was 60 cm and plants were 25 cm apart on rows. Morphological and agronomical traits were recorded during growing season. The grain yield and 1000 seeds weight were measured based on a 6.6 m2 harvesting area consisted two middle rows of each plot with 5.5 m length. Determination of oil perecentage was conducted in oilseed research Department (Seed and Plant Improvement Institute). Simple and combined data analysis and comparisons among mean for some important traits were made using MSTATC software. Data simple analysis revealed significance of different genotypes for grain yield along with other parameters in both locations (  1 and   5 for Marvdasht and Pasargad, respectively). CMS19*R-1031 and Armaviresky had the highest grain yield with 3662 and 3633 kg/ha in Pasargad and Marvdasht, respectively. Combined data analysis showed that the grain yield parameter is affected by location and variety, as well as location * variety interaction. The above hybrid was the outstanding genotype for the grain yield in Pasargad area based on data combined analysis.    

Keywords: Sunflower, Hybrid, Yield

Reg No: 40100

Title: Evaluation of sunflower genetic resources to charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

Abstract: .Sunflower charcoal rot is considered as one of the most important diseases on crops and infects more than 400 plants around the world. In the current investigation, to achieve tolerant sources of sunflower among 100 genotypes including inbred lines, mutants, and restorers, the seeds were sown in contaminated fields at two research areas. They were located in Karaj and Gonbad areas. Using simple lactic test design (10*10), the plants were evaluated against the disease at normal environmental conditions. The difference between genotypes demonstrating disease incidence and severity was significant at Gonbad area. But results were affected during rain and coldness conditions at Karaj area. To gain reliable results from plants sown in Karaj, they were inoculated with the isolate from the same area and were incubated for 7, 14, and 21 days after inoculation. The analysis of data resulted in significant differences between genotypes showing reaction to the disease, and also days of measurements. Furthermore, 30 genotypes from three genetically groups of sunflower including mutants, restorers, and inbred lines demonstrated resistance reactions to the charcoal rot under artificial inoculations. In greenhouse experiments, 27 restorer lines were evaluated using local isolate of the pathogen and four lines including 133, 139, 140, and 141 showed the same reactions. 

Keywords: Sunflower, genotypes, charcoal rot, Macrophomina phaseolina, disease resistance

Reg No: 40101

Title: Study the best sowing date and seed density of new barley cultivars in yazd province

Abstract: .In order to study the effect of planting date and plant density on yield and yield components of three varieties of barley, during two years of crop trials 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to split factorial design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources was held in Yazd. The main factor of three planting date (12 October, 29 October and 15 November) and cultivars and plant density were minor factors that were considered as factorial. Barley cultivars were including Nosrat Yousuf and Fajr30, and densities 350, 400 and 450 seeds per square meter as the densities of the medium were considered. During the growth period, include different characteristics number of days to tillering, the number of days to shooting, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, biomass, grain yield, grain weight and harvest index notes and were reviewed. The results from the combined analysis of variance of data showed that the effect of planting date on grain yield, biomass and seed weight are significant at the 1% probability level and harvest index is significant at the 5% probability level. Results average comparable showed planting dates on grain yield that the date planting on the 12 October with production of 6.224 tons per hectare, the highest yield among the planting dates were that has the statistically significant and the other planting dates. In the varieties, Nosrat variety, had highest grain yield (5.868 ton/ha). The results of the best and most suitable varieties, planting date and density, respectively Nosrat's cultivars 12 October on planting density was 400 seeds per square meter.   

Keywords: barley, planting date, plant density, yield

Reg No: 40102

Title: Evaluating of local and native landraces vetch and chickling in order to selection of superior lines for cultivation in cold and temperate region

Abstract: vetch and lathyrus  are from fabaceae families .therefore, like other plants in this family led to reform and strengthen the soil and nitrogen fixation in it (1,2) . these  plants in addition to being as green manure case is used, because Having palatability and high quality forage can be fed livestock area that takes place every year (3,7) as well as vetch is one of the plants which Reduce rangeland degradation results of interest are (4, 6).Recently  droughts   In rangeland due to severity changes in  Climate has entered more force to  remove some valuable germplasm. Therefore, the project technology for collecting and  evaluation vetch varieties in West areas of country was done , the number nine and three sub-species of vetch, the three species and one subspecies and one species of green pea were collected as describe as follow :  Vicia iranica Boiss.-1  2- Vicia variabilis Freyn & Sint.  3- Vicia ervilia (L) Willd.   4- Vicia assyriaca Boiss.  5- Vicia hyrcanica Fisch. & C. A. Mey.  6- Vicia sericocarpa Fenzl  7- Vicia michauxii Spreng. var. michauxii  8- Vicia sativa L. var. angustifolia L.  9- Vicia sativa L. var. cordata (Wulf. Ex Hoppe) Arcangeli  10- Vicia narbonensis L. var. narborensis  11- Lathyrus boissieri Sirj.   12- Lathyrus aphaca L. var. aphaca  13- Lathyrus inconspicous L.   14. Pisum sativum L. 

Keywords: vetch, lathyrus , nitrogen fixation, fed livestock, palatabi

Reg No: 40103

Title: Study on agronomic characteristics and grain yield of bread wheat genotypes in advanced yield trials in  semi - warm dryland  conditions

Abstract: .Wheat as a strategic crop has increasing demand in Iran. So, yield improvement especially through breeding program is very necessary and it dependents upon the screening of a wide range of germplasm to find tolerant and high yielding varieties under heat and drought stresses. In this research, 126 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated in four separate experiments at Gachsaran, Gonbad, Khoram Abad, and Moghan agricultural research stations in 2010-11. This four advanced experiments (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 and A7) include 18 genotypes, carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. In A1 test, lines no. 3, 7, 10 and 13 have more yield and optimum level of the other considered traits in compare to check. In A4 test, based on grain yield as the most important trait and the other agronomic traits, lines no. 11, 14 and 15 were selected. Also, lines no. 2, 5, 6, 11, 13 and 17 were the best in A5 test. These lines had partially earliness, optimum thousand kernel weight and agronomic score. Moreover 1 and 3 lines were selected in A6 and A7 yield trials.     

Keywords: Bread wheat, Drought, Adaptation, Dryland

Reg No: 40104

Title: Study on primary new rapeseed hybrids of Iranian in rainfed conditions for semi warm areas

Abstract: To preliminary evaluate the agronomic characteristics of 24 new rapeseed hybrids and a check (Hyola 401); a field experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions in Gonbad and Gachsaran agricultural research station during 2009-2010. Each genotype was planted systematically in 5 rows in 4 meters length, 25 cm spacing from each other. During growth season, some agronomical and morpho- physiological traits were recorded such as stemming date, number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, plant height, days to flowering and days to maturity and After harvesting, TKW and Seed yield were measured. Finally due to design systematic, all of line only compare with check. Mean and range of days to maturity in genotypes was 122.8 and 118 - 130 days, respectively. Variation range was for number of pods per plant 36 (lines 2) - 106 (line 14), number of seeds per pod 16 - 26, and kernel thousand weight 2.8 (line 20)   4.2 (Hyola401). The highest seed yield belonged to line 18(1747.5 Kg/ha) and the lowest related to line 7(210.8 kg/ha). In Gonbad, due to lack of proper germination and pest damage, don t be harvest any crops.   

Keywords: Rapeseed; Hybrid; Preliminary evaluate; Semi warm areas

Reg No: 40105

Title: Evaluation of grain yield and agronomic characters of new Sunflower single cross hybrids in rainfed conditions

Abstract: .To study seed yield and some agronomic traits in 24 Sunflower single cross hybrids received from SPII (Karaj), an experiment was conducted based on RCBD with 3 replications in Gachsaran agricultural rain fed research station in 2009 - 2010.   Each genotype was planted in 4 rows with 5 meters length and 50 cm row spacing. During growing season data were collected from some agronomical morphrpho-physiological traits. The ANOVA was done for agronomic traits and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) method for comparing treatment means with checks (Azargol and Favourite). Analysis of variance showed that sunflower genotypes were significantly differing for days to start of flowering and maturity, steam diameter, leaf number, plant height (PH), seed weight, and seed yield. Mean and range of days to maturity in genotypes was 147.6 and 140 - 156 days, respectively. Variation range was for stem diameter 11.2 (genotype 4)   18.8 (genotype 17) and kernel thousand weight 29.5 (genotype 3)   42.9 (genotype 15). The highest seed yield belonged to genotypes No. 9, 19, 7 and 18 (2121.2, 1943.9, 1925.1 and 1878.1 Kg/ha, respectively) and the least related to genotype 20 (1197.5 Kg/ha). 

Keywords: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.); Hybrid, Agronomic traits, seed yield, Single cross

Reg No: 40106

Title: .Study on rapeseed segregating generation (F2) in rainfed conditions

Abstract: .This study was done in order to investigating canola segregation generations at semi-warm Dryland condition in Gachsaran agricultural research station at the 2009-2010 growing year. 175 canola lines were planted in the 1 row with 2 meters length and 25 cm spacing from each other. In order to force  selfing the were flowers  covered by Cellophane paper and harvested in 40 seleted best lines qter ripening.    

Keywords: rapeseed, Segregating generation, F2, Rainfed

Reg No: 40107

Title: On-farm evaluation of cold tolerant safflower lines as winter crop under cold dryland conditions of East-Azerbaijan conditions

Abstract: ‎5 promised safflower lines selected from adaptability trials were evaluated as winter crop along with released cultivar of Sina at two farmers field in Maragheh and Kaleb Kandi from East-Azarbaijan. There was no significant difference between lines regarding all studied traits but thousand kernel weight in the both sites. There was no plant stand during fall and winter because of exceptional low rainfall during October and November 2010. Investigation in the spring showed that seeds which remaind dormantly in the soil over fall and winter had been damaged partly by pests and birds. It was concluded that it is possible to produce about 700 kg/ha grain yield in the worst conditions of fall precipitation in the cold drylands using promised cold tolerant safflower lines.           

Keywords: Carthamus tinctorius, adaptability, oilseed crop

Reg No: 40108

Title: Evaluation of promised lines of Hungarian vetch as winter crop in the on-farm conditions of East-Azerbaijan province

Abstract: Four promised Hungarian vetch lines selected from adaptability trials were evaluated as winter crop along with released cultivar of Maragheh at two farmers field in Kaleb Kandi and Charoymagh from East-Azarbaijan province. Promised lines in this research were under the extreme stress of cold and drought because of exceptional low rainfall during October and November 2010. Biomass yield was relatively lower than what had already been recorded however, it was style interesting and promising for the un-favorite conditions. Maragheh was damaged in the both sites because of severe cold.  The results in the Kaleb Kandi showed that line VP 2670 produced 1500 kg/ha biomass and was the best along with Sel-515. The results in Charoymagh was different and the line Sel-1332 having 4870 kg/ha biomass was significantly different from other lines. It was concluded that lines VP-2670 and Sel-1332 were the best lines for cold and semi-cold drylands of East-Azarbaijan province.       

Keywords: Vicia panonica, forage, On-farm, Rainfed

Reg No: 40109

Title: (Study on advanced safflower varieties under rainfed condition in  Kalpush (Shahrood

Abstract: Safflower is an ancient and local crop that is well adapted to differernt dry-land regions of Iran. It can planted in rotation with cereal and food legumes in rain-fed conditions and can play important role in production stability in dry-lands.  In order to evaluate 16 safflower cultivars and lines,  this study was conducted in Kalpoosh Shahrood dryland condition. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. Agronomic characteristics of genotypes such as, date of flowering , date of maturity, plant height, thousand kernel weight and seed yield was written.  Analysis of variance on seed yield indicated that difference between genotypes was significant.   Seed yield mean of 6 genotypes, 1, 15, 13, 4, 3 and 8, were higher than others.  Then we can introduce these genotypes as a new genotypes for on-farm condition study in Kalpoosh.   

Keywords: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.); cultivar;  yield; dryland

Reg No: 40110

Title: (Study on advanced sunflower varieties and hybrids under rainfed condition in Kalpush (Shahrood

Abstract: In order to evaluate 12 sunflower cultivars and hybrids,  this study was conducted in Kalpoosh Shahrood dryland condition. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. Agronomic characteristics of genotypes such as, date of flowering , date of maturity, plant height, thousand kernel weight and seed yield was written.  Analysis of variance on seed yield indicated that difference between genotypes was significant ( =%1).   Seed yield mean of SHF81-90 hybrid with 1687 kgha-1 was higher than others.  Then we can introduce these hybrid as a new genotypes for on-farm condition study in Kalpoosh.   

Keywords: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.); cultivar;  yield; dryland

Reg No: 40112

Title: Study on performance and yield of different rice genotypes in Baluchestan district

Abstract: .A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes on grain yield in Nikshahr region. Seven rice genotypes viz., Shafagh, Fajr, Shiroudi, Ghaem and Local Sadri (check) cultivars and 8405 and 843 lines were studied. In each plot, transplanting in 6 rows with 2.5 m was done. MSTAT-C software was used for analysis of data. Result of pooled analysis data of two years showed that Fajr and Shiroudi cultivars similarly produced the highest grain yield with 5498 and 5134 kg ha-1, respectively. Ghaem cultivar with 2839 kg ha-1 grain yield recorded the lowest grain yield. It could be concluded that Fajr and Shiroudi cultivars are permissible for higher productivity of rice in Nikshahr region.                                                                 .            

Keywords: Rice genotypes, grain yield, second seasons

Reg No: 40113

Title: .Protection and Regeneration of CMS, Maintainer and Restorer Lines of Rice

Abstract: Hybrid rice production is one of the viable technological option for increasing rice yield. In three-line system of hybrid rice production, protection and regeneration of the male sterile, maintainer and restorer lines is an essential step for sucessful hybrid rice production. In this study, the parental lines were purified and regenerated every year and the sourse nursery of parental lines were enriched using new germplsms. Furthermore, hybrid rice (F1) seeds were produced in crossing blocks using various combination of male sterile and restorer lines. In this project, the number of male sterile and restore lines were increased to 12 and 48 lines, respectively in which the lines were checked for purity in the growth and maturity stages. Nine crossing blocks for production of hybrid seeds was laid out for the first time in 2000 and it was increased to 13 in 2002. Various combination of parental lines were crossed manually to produce hybrid rice seeds. The male sterile lines of  Neda A and Nemat A were multiplicated in large scale in the field to obtain more CMS seeds. According to the results of agronomical traits of restore lines, IR68749R, IR58082-126-1-2R, IR65383-35-3-2-1R and SA4 are selected as high-yielding early maturity restore lines. Study of flowering-related traits in male sterile lines and restorer lines was performed in which the male sterile line of IR58025A and restorer lines of SA13 and IR68427-17-2-3-1R were selected. The selected lines had suitable flowering-related which are important for hybrid rice seed production.   

Keywords: Hybrid rice, male sterile line, restorer line, crossing block

Reg No: 40114

Title: .Application effects of fertilizers containing micro and macro- nutrients on Yield and Yield Components of Rice

Abstract: Foliar application increased nutrients efficiency and eliminated deficiency in short time what in soil treatments is necessary to allow. In order to study effect of Elfer fertilizers on yield and yield components of rice plant, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Rice Research Institute of Iran- Deputy of Mazandaran. The experimental design was as split plot based on randomized block design with three replications. Main plot were two varieties (hashemi and Shiroodi) and subplot were fertilizers factors including T1; Biosoil+Bioroot, T2; Elfre Alga+ Elfer 8-8-8, T3; Phosphorous Biofol+ Elfer Paddy, T4; Potassium Biofol+ Elfer Paddy, T5; Elfer Foluvat Zn, and T6; Control treatment. These treatments were applied in two stages; middle tillering and middle booting stage whit concentration recommended by the company.  Variance analysis results showed that variety factors had statistically significant effect on yield, tillering numbers, plant height, shoot dry weight, leaf area index, panicle length, grain numbers in panicle, filled grain number per panicle, unfilled grain percentage and harvest index in one percent level (p 0.01) and on flag leaf area in 5 percent level (p 0.05). Treatment factor didn t show statistically significant differences on parameters but interaction of variety*treatment had statistically significant effect on yield in 5 percent level (p 0.05). Maximum grain yield obtained for two varieties in T4 treatment (spraying potassium biofol+ elfer paddy), with grain yield average 4784 and 7557 kg/ha, respectively.      

Keywords: Elfer fertilizer, foliar application, Macro and Micro nutrients, submerged rice

Reg No: 40115

Title: Evaluation of deficit irrigation  on alfalfa cultivars in Zanjan provinc

Abstract: At the point of view of quality and quantity, alfalfa is the most important fodder plant. Prennial cultivars derived from sativa species and have 2n=4x=32 chromosomes. But some of its varieties with 2n=4x=16 chromosomes are also known. So alfalfa crop is an autotetraploid plant. Alfalfa belongs to Fabacae family and Trifolium tribu and forms such as trees and shrubs also belong to Fabacae which they can be found in warm to temperate and cold climates. Alfalfa, the queen of fodder plants, is a Medicago and its crop varieties are from M. sativa. According to the importance of fodder in feeding domestic animals and the vast agricultural farms allocated to alfalfa, which is about 45000 ha., to select the best varieties for recommending in areas in which soil water is limited and irrigation water is scarce, this experiment was conducted at Kheir-Abad Experimental Station. The planting design as split plot with three replications in which the main factors consist of irrigation level: 1) I1- Irrigation after 75 mm. evaporation from Class A pan; 2) I1- Irrigation after 150 mm. evaporation from Class A pan ; and 3) I3- Irrigation at the second and third harvests was considered as the main factors, and 5 varieties of alfalfa suitable for cold climate (including: Qrqaluq, Bami Shurkat, Glebani, and Kuzare) as the second factors was sowed in the sub-plots. Indices of resistance to tension and draught tolerance were calculated using suitable formulae at the end of every year. Yearly variance analysis of fresh and dried matter were calculated, at the end of the experiment period combined variance analysis were also calculated. Comparison of means of fresh and dried mater had the following results:   The result of combined analysis of yield showed that I1 with 37.675 T/ha was the best and categorized in group A . Irrigation treatments I2, I3 belonged to groups B and C with 22.051 and 4.683 T/ha respectively. Irrigation treatment I1 with 4.226 T/ha yield per each cubic meter of using water had the most water use efficiency. Comparision of varieties yield showed that Kuzare and Gharghulugh with 43.5 and 41.89 T/ha were the best respectively. These two varieties saved their yield against drought stress . So for Zanjan provience and similar region in soil and climate these two varieties recomended to cultivation .   Kay words: Alfalfa, irrigation period, yield, water use efficiency, varieties, Zanjan

Reg No: 40116

Title: Evaluation of culture, biochemical and physicochemical factors in used serums in preparation of media for Theileria annulata culture and evaluation of grown cells in bovine theileriosis vaccine

Abstract:  has suitable elements . used to produce the vaccine، bovine serum used to produce the vaccine،all  cases except one passage, the cells grown in medium containing serum were in the best conditions for growth and for harvest  the vaccine were in the most desirable conditions. Due to the use of fetal bovine serum is expensive ، its growth rate and viability of cells grown in serum can be used to obtain useful information about the vaccine may eventually standardize it. In study of the factors measured included protein, sodium, potassium, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and hemoglobin levels in serum samples from 12 batch significant difference wasn t seen . Also Pyrogenic test results show that all samples were free of endotoxin. Investigation performed at the Virology and Microbiology, viruses BVD, BLV and the IBR as well as Mycoplasma wasn t isolated from any of the samples. In the final passage of the 36th batch of vaccine produced in 18 months،Bovine Theileriosis Vaccine products from growth of cells infected monocytes -macrophages Theileria annulata schizonts which to grow these cells in cell culture is used  inactived bovine serum as the important element . so study of factors associated with serum

Reg No: 40117

Title: .Evaluation of forage yield and it,s maintain in different phenological stages

Abstract: .In order to evaluate of storage ability of  Berseem clover ( Trifolium alexandrinum L. ) forage, three separate experiments were conducted at different phenological stages including a1: initial of vegetative stage, a2: beginning of branching and a3: 50% of flowering. Four different rates of  Berseem clover and straw along with molasses viz. b1:80% of Berseem clover + 15% straw +5% molasses, b2:  75% of Berseem clover + 20% straw +5% molasses, b3: 70% of Berseem clover + 20% straw +5% molasses and b4: 65% of Berseem clover + 30% straw +5% molasses were considered for each experiment which were carried out at Gharakheil Agriculture Research Station. Grinned Straw and Berseem clover along with molasses were enough mixed and then were pressed in suitable containers to activate the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria for preparing silage. Lab quality analysis of samples from prepared silage indicated suitable quality of Berseem clover silage. Results of experiments indicated growth duration of Berseem clover was from autumn to beginning of spring and it will be cutting able for 2 to 3 times and when its dry matter is about 15% it will be silage able based on ratios which mentioned in b3 and b4 with 4.55 and 4.59 PH , respectively. After branching, dry maters of Berseem clover will be about 17.5% and on the basis ratios which were mentioned in b1 and b2 with PH of 4.37 and 4.66, respectively these methods will be suitable way to silage of Berseem clover. This stage (17.5% of dry mater) will be middle of April and after 15 days Berseem clover will be in 50% of flowering and at this stage its dry matter will be about 25%, therefore based on ratio of 80-85% of Berseem clover and 10-15% of straw along with 5% of molasses it will have superior silage quality.        

Keywords: Berseem clover, Phenology stage, Silag, Dry matter and pH

Reg No: 40118

Title: Study of Quality and Quantities Characteristics of new Peanut Cultivars in different parts of IRAN

Abstract: In order to find and introduce medium duration maturity new cultivar of peanut with over production from local cultivar (NC2) in different parts of the country, this experiment was conducted at 2009 and 2010 in Dezful and Gorgan. The experimental design in all of the locations was RCBD design with 3 replications. Each plot contains 5 rows with 60 cm. spacing and 5m length. The final combining results from locations showed different significant between cultivars in each location, so the best cultivars were number 4 and 8 with 4688 and 4645 pod yield kg/ha respectively in Dezful. The same cultivars were the best cultivars with 3987 and 4571 kg/ha pod yield respectively in Gorgan. At the end we suggest these cultivars for test at the research-promotion projects in Dezful and Gorgan.    

Keywords:   Peanut , Breeding, Interoduction, New cultivar , Yield , Stability

Reg No: 40119

Title: Selection of Bam Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) populations for seed purification

Abstract: Considering the necessity of purifying the different Bami alfalfa local landrases of, 15 regions with various altitudes were selected. In each region good alfalfa farm was selected and an apart of the farm was marked to produce seed. Seeds from each marked part was harvested and cultivated in Azizabad Agriculture Research Station in same condition to produce seed, separately. Produced seeds in the station were mixed and a sample of one Kilogram was taken and sown. The produced seeds were winnowed and unfavorable seeds and plants were omitted. This method was repeated in 3 years to find high grade indigenous mass seeds to produce alfalfa farm with vigorous plants and finally help to increase farm yield.     

Keywords: Medicago.selection.Bami landrase

Reg No: 40120

Title: Evaluation of Response of Different Red Clover Cultivars to Powdery Mildew Disease

Abstract: Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni, is one of the factors which limit the forage production of Red Clover. In order to evaluate the response of 13 red clover cultivars to this disease, a field experiment was carried out with three replications in RCBD at Karaj, Borujerd and Arak during 2010 and 2011.  Cultivarss were cultivated in September of the first year and evaluation was conducted in the spring season of each year by recording the disease severity (%DS) and disease incidence (%DI) indexes in the field. Also a greenhouse test was carried out with four replications and 15 treatments in RCD in Karaj in which 4-5 week old clover seedlings were inoculated by a spore suspension of fungus with 106 conidium per milliliter concentration. Evaluation of cultivars was carried out after 10-20 days after inoculation. The results of field experiments showed that cultivars 2 (FAO Product), 9 (Karaj Product) and 6 (Red Queen) with %57.5, %55.8 and %52.8 Disease Severity (DS) averages and %72.8, %71.1 and %68.1 Disease Incidence (DI) and score of 7 (S) respectively had the most susceptibility. Cultivar 1 (Kukuobara) with %25 DS and %45 DI averages and score of 6 (MS) had the most tolerance to disease. These results of field test were similar to greenhouse test so that cultivars 9, 2 and 6 with %78.8, %74.4 and %70 were the most susceptible and cultivar 1 with %26.4 DS average was the most tolerant cultivar among all cultivars. It seems that increasing of plants age decreases their infection to disease.  Consequently using some cultivars like 1(Kuluobara), 7 (Bosa) and 8 (Hungry) is suggested for next researches in order to release the cultivars, because of their suitable yield and disease tolerance.     

Keywords:  Erysiphe polygoni, Powdery mildew, Susceptibility, Red Clover

Reg No: 40121

Title: The comparison of new wheat lines M-84-17, M-84-18with the current region cultivar in farmers' situations

Abstract: .Opportunity to acceptable yield is dependent to suitable cultivar selection and to accomplish necessary cropping controls. For introduction of new wheat cultivar, complementally researches in farmers' situations are necessary. In this design, promising  wheat lines M-84-17 and         M-84-18, that have showed their preference yield than the other lines and control cultivar in research situation were compared with region current cultivar in farmers' situations. M-84-17and M-84-18 lines and farmers cropping cultivar (Pishtaz cultivar) as a control were cropped in 5000 m2 areas in each region separately and all necessary cropping controls were performed similarly on them. The characteristics of this line and control cultivar were compared to during growth period and finally the grain yield is determined

Reg No: 40122

Title: Primary evaluation of yield in new sesame lines

Abstract: This experiment was conducted in 2010 to evaluate to 19 sesame new lines with control line (yellow white) at Dezful and Behbahan. The experiment design was a RCBD with three replications. Individual plot consisted of five rows spaced 60 cm. and 5 m. long. Primary evaluated showed the different significant about phonological characteristics and yield components at the regions. Regional results showed that lines no. 4 and 20 (check) with 1917 and 1208 kg.ha-1 seed yield were the best lines in Dezful and Behbahan respectively. Evaluate in Dezful showed that lines 20 and 4 were tolerance to damping off and philody disease, and so line no. 11 at Dezful, and lines no. 10, 11 and 16 at Behbahan were dead for disease.   At the final, results of analysis showed that no. 4, 8, 18, 17, 12, 19 and 20 (yellow white) lines are the best lines in this experiment, and witch had desired botanical characteristics and higher yield and also resistance to diseases are recommend for using in advance or stability experiment in subtropical regions.     

Keywords:   Sesame, seed yield, damping off, pedigree method, pure line

Reg No: 40123

Title: Breeding Nikshari Alfalfa Landraces Using Mass Selection through Fasoulas Method

Abstract: In order to increase the yield of Nikshahri alfalfa landraces and maintain genetic diversity, the success of mass selection and reduction of environmental impacts, honeycomb mass selection method was used. This method was performed to get improvement on landrace of that. To achieve to this common goal, seed samples were collected from area of planting Nikshahri alfalfa and national plant gene bank, a sample were planted according Fasoulas pattern on farm. The distance from a plant to other plant was 0.5 meter and 1300 plants were planted. In the first year, the plants were allowed to establish and in the second year, separately all single-plant was evaluated for the high of stems, number of stems per plant, their injury by diseases and insects and every plant was weighted for its hay production.  Before of flowering time, none choosing plants was removed and selected plants were pollinated together with a mixture of pollen collected from all the plants of this group  In the third year, the new mass was planted for yield comparison with previous mass. According to the results, a new mass was found superior in comparison with first mass and the new production had significant difference with old population. Also mass selection was decreased non-uniform mass in comparison with the first mass. 

Keywords: Land races, Nikshahri Alfalfa, yield improvement, breeding method. Mass Selection

Reg No: 40124

Title: Identification factors affecting main raceme withers disorder of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in Golestan province

Abstract: In order to evaluate factores affecting main raceme withers disorder, and its damage amount on seed yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in Golestan province, 23 fields of oilseed rape were determined in Gorgan, Gonbad, Minodasht and Azadshahr area. In each field, 5 plots were determined in a   format, and in each plot requirement parameters relating yield were evaluated. Qualitative data such as main raceme withers disorder altered in 0 (without disorder) and 1 (with disorder) format. As a whole, in plots with main raceme withers disorder, pod number per plant, seed number per pod and seed yield were lower than plots without disorder. The main raceme withers disorder were more in delayed sowing date fields. From 115 studied plots, there were 94 plots without and 21 plots with disorder. Mean seed yield in plots with and without disorder was 2305 and 3321 kg/ha, respectively. Among all studied parameters, field area, the number of days to physiological maturity, amount of applied K2O, plant density and main raceme withers disorder were just significant on seed yield model. The model showed that seed yield of evaluated plots had a negative relation with main raceme withers disorder, and this disorder could reduce seed yield of oilseed rape.   

Keywords: Oilseed rape, Main raceme withers disorder, Yield components, Seed yield

Reg No: 40125

Title: Study on response of bread wheat  promising lines of cold climatic zones to different moisture regimes

Abstract: In order to study the response of bread wheat promising lines of cold climatic zones,  an experiment was conducted in Agricultural and Natural Resource Reseach Center( Jolg-e-Rokh Reseach station) during 2010-2011. This experiment was in split-plot  layout and RCBD design with three replications in which Irrigation regimes( in 4 levels i.e. irrigation on the base of 100, 140, 180 mm evaporation from A class pan and ceassion of irrigation from booting ) were in main plots and cultivars and promising lines ( in 8 levels i.e. Gascogen, Pishgam, C-85-3, C-86-3, C-86-5, C-86-6, C-85-D9, C-85-D13 ) in were subplots. Use of  evaporative pan for applying of water stress treatments was done to obtain maximum similarity to farmer fields( in which water stress applyied via decreasing of irrigation number , not irrigation volume ). We also use T-tape irrigation system to increase uniformity of water destributions. Irrigation amount was measured via a counter.   Results showed that effects of irrigation regimes was significant on the grain yield and its components, harvest index and water productivity. On the base of these results , increasing of water consumption up to 5897 m3/ha(in humid conditions)  and 6333m3/ha(in drought conditions) resulted in higher grain yield, Harvest index, and water productivity and then did not any significant effects. Results also showed that among of studied cultivars and promising lines, C-86-5( in humid conditions) and C-86-6(in drought conditions) had higher grain yield, harvest index and water productivity.      

Keywords:  Wheat , grain yield, yield components, Irrigation regimes, cultivar

Reg No: 40126

Title: Study of the effect of canals lining and development of irrigation networks on water productivity and economy of farmers in Khorasan-e Razavi Province

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of canals lining and development of irrigation networks on water productivity and economy of farmers in four districts of Mashhad, Sabzevar, Gonabad and Kalat of Khorasan-e Razavi Province. In Mashhad, Kalat and Gonabad regions canals are used to water conveyance, but in Sabzevar region, pipes are used. Results of analysis of questionnaires showed that the farmers with water savings resulting from canals lining or pipe setting and therefore removing the large part of water losses, increased yield or cultivated area of crops. Farm management and water productivity before and after pipe setting or lining of canals were not different. The results showed that the efficiency of water conveyance of canals in Mashhad and Kalat regions is 82.91 and 80.80 percent, respectively. Pipe setting or canal lining in research regions has led to economic prosperity of farmers. The annual income of farmers in Kalat, Mashhad and Gonabad regions increased 31.71, 62.70 and 108.05 percent, respectively. Water conveyance projects with pipe in the Sabzevar region have increased the annual income of farmers to 122.13 percent.   

Keywords: Irrigation network, canal lining, irrigation efficiency, Water productivity

Reg No: 40127

Title: Evaluation of amount and reasons of seed losses in maize harvesting combines in Khuzestan province

Abstract: A project was conducted to determine seed losses in corn harvesting in Khuzestan province in 1388. Study was accompolished in a cross-sectional censuc research and descriptive-correlation method by filling two questionnaires by 29 farmers and combine owners from 260 active combines. These had included some questions about farmer characteristics, crop condition in preservation stage, combine and combine owner information. Then seed losses were measured. Results considered by PCORD4 and SPSS13 softwares and relationship between parameters were investigated by Pearson correlation constant. Results revealed that natural, front and rear losses of combine were 3.65, 3.93 and 1.49 respectively. Main effective parameters on increastion seed losses were high moisture content of seeds in harvesting time, low model of combine and low rotation speed of thresher. Travel speed and combine owner school grade had no effect on it. Main problems of farmers and combine owners related to corn harvesting were higher moisture content estimation in shopping silo and delay in shopping, low benefit because of low reciving money per each filling researvior, late-time planting due to do not taking fertilizer and water, high lay time in harvest time because of scatter precipitation, breaking of combine seive cradle due to fixation straw around it and eventually crop resting. In order to reduce grain losses, the best moisture content of grain was 21%, the best thresher speed was 500-550 rpm and the best combine model was 1366-1379.  For less anything incorporated with grain, travel speed must be less than 2.1 km/h, combine driver age should be less than 27 years or more than 37 years and fan rotation  should be more than 540 rpm. For less seed cracking, soutable travel speed range was 2-3 km/h, grain M.C. range was 23-27% and age of combine driver must be less than 37. 

Keywords: grain corn, combine, losses

Reg No: 40128

Title: Production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies against Polymyxa betae

Abstract: Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is the causal agent of sugar beet rhizomania, one of the economically most important virus diseases in world. The plasmodiophoromycete Polymyxa betae is an obligate parasite of sugar-beet roots and the vector of BNYVV. The yield losses due to this disease have been alleviated by resistance cultivars that have been developed and are used widely throughout the world. Specific and accurate diagnostic methods are essential tools for screening cultivars to attain resistance to the rhizomania virus and its vector. Until now, most work has been focused on microscopic observation and DNA-based methods. But nowadays, serological methods play a huge important role in detection and identification of plant pathogens same as P. betae. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) as a specific immunogenic protein is a critical enzyme which expressed in zoospores, sporangia and resting spores is a good candidate for to develop a serological test for P. betae. At first pET28a bacterial expression vector containing GST encoding region was transferred to BL21-de3 strain of E. coli and large scale expression of recombinant protein was performed. purification under native conditions was carried out through Immobolized metal ione affinity chromatoghraphy (IMAC) in column containing Ni-NTA agarose beads. Successful expression and purification steps were confirmed by SDS-PAGE followed by western blotting analysis. Using phage display technology one scFv fragment against GST was isolated through panning of naگve Tomlinson I scFv phage library. ELISA, DIBA and Western blot analyses were used to analyze binding activities of bacterially expressed scFv. Result showed a specific binding between GST and achieved antibody.    

Keywords: Sugar beet, Rhizomania, Serological method, Monoclonal antibody, Phage display

Reg No: 40129

Title: The Effects of Cement Application on Aggregate Stability in a Saline-Sodic Soil

Abstract: With attention to the loss of huge amounts of soil due to different types of erosion, there is a necessity to study and application of suitable methods that increase the soil against the erosive forces.  In this investigation, we mixed a silty loam soil sensitive to water erosion with 1, 2, 3, and 4 % w/w of cement and poured the soil in pots. The pots were arranged as complete randomized design with four replicates. The soil moisture was kept at 60% FC for 60 days by irrigation with tap water. The results of aggregate size distribution by wet sieving method showed that with increase the amount of cement used over than 1%, the amounts of aggregate in different sizes and MWD were significantly increased. Using 1, 2, 3, and 4% w/w of cement, increased the MWD as 1.5, 8.3, and 10.5 times compared to control (without cement application). Also, the soil pH increased from 7.74 in control to 8.6, 9.74 and 10.27 and the soil EC increased from 19.38 in control to 21.05, 21.80, 22.30 and 22.57 dS/m due to application of 2, 3 and 4 % (w/w) cement to soil, respectively. Based on the obtained results, it can be suggested that after complementary experiments, the cement is beneficial material for increasing soil resistance against to erosion.   

Keywords: Cement, Aggregate stability, Soil erosion, Fars Province

Reg No: 40130

Title: Comparison of wheat cultivars and elite lines in saline areas of Yazd province

Abstract: .To comparison grain yield of wheat cultivars and elite  lines under saline conditions, an on-farm experiment was conducted based on random completely block design with four replicates in Abarkuh and Khatam towns. Electrical conductivity for irrigation water in Abarkuh and Khatam towns were 8.3 and 4.5 dS/m, respectively. At the end of the experiment total area of each plot was harvested, and grain yield for each variety was weighted. Results showed that, there were significant differences between two locations in regard to grain yield, spike length and the number of grain per spike. The grain yield and the number of grain per spike for the varieties were significantly different, regardless to locations. Shirodi produced lower grain yield than the others, significantly. Arg cv. and elite line MS-85-17 produced the highest grain yield in Abarkuh and Khatam towns, respectively. However, the mean grain yields for MS-85-17, M-83-17, Arg, Bam and Shirodi in both locations were 5053.8, 4496.5, 4982.6, 4208.3 and 2838.5 kg/ha, respectively. Based on the results elite line MS-85-17 could be considered as new wheat cultivar for saline conditions of yazd province

Reg No: 40131

Title: Effect of magnetic water on yield and yield components of wheat under saline conditions

Abstract: .There have been some evidences that showed magnetic treatment of saline water can improve crop growth and development. So, to determine the effects of saline water with and without magnetic treatments on seed emergence and yield of wheat, two experiments were conducted in the National Salinity Research Center. The first experiment was done under controlled environment conditions with day and night temperatures of 25  C and 15  C. Wheat seeds emergence were measured under four quality of irrigation water including 2.5, 6, 10 and 12.7 dS/m with and without magnetic device. To determine effect of magnetic treatment on wheat yield under saline conditions, another experiment was done in 18 fiber glass boxes (0.5 x 0.45 x 0.50 m deep) in the ambient environment for two years. Treatments were using magnetic device and without it and three water quality (2, 6 and 10 dS/m). The experiments were factorial arranged as completely randomized block design. Results showed that salinity treatment had no significant effect on final emerged seeds and emergence percentage. However salinity reduced emergence rate, coleoptil length, grain yield, plant height, spike length and the number of kernel per spike, significantly. Magnetic treatment and interaction between magnetic treatment and salinity had no effect on emerged plant, emergence rate, emergence percentage, coleoptil length, grain yield, plant height, spike length and number of kernel per spike. These results were obtained just by a magnetic device. Probably using different magnetic devices with different composition of irrigation water on various crops may be led to different results

Reg No: 40132

Title: A study on the effects of different levels of energy and protein on laying hen performance

Abstract: .In this investigation, The effect of rations containing 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900 and 3000 metabolizable energy( kcal/kg ) levels with identical energy proportion to other nutrients on the percent of egg production, egg weight, feed consumption and weight gain of the White Leghorn layers hen was studied. Based on nutritional expense of a kilogram of egg produced by the above rations; the diets energy level that had the lowest production cost was recognized as suitable energy level of the rations for the hens of the experiments. This was a ninety-day study conducted with the use of 150 hens on a completely randomized block design with five treatments and five replications, each including six hens. The results showed that hens fed by rations containing different energy levels had significant differences in egg production, feed conversion and feed consumption(p0.05). The hens fed ration containing 3000 metabolizable energy( kcal/kg ) had the highest egg production and the lowest feed consumption. The hen fed the above mentioned rations did not show a significant difference in the egg weight and the weight gain. The nutritional expense of a kilogram of egg produced by hens fed the experimental rations was calculated based on a feed conversion rate and price of a kilogram a each ration. The ration with 2800 metabolizable energy( kcal/kg ) level containing 14% protein that had the lowest production cost and was recognized as the suitable energy level in the feeding hens during this experiments. It is suggested to all egg production to determine the best suitable level of energy based on the feed conversion rates obtained in this experiment and the price of each kilogram of rations under the market condition.   

Keywords: Ration, Energy, Layer hens, Performance

Reg No: 40133

Title: Studying improvement of feedlot performance of male lambs using out-breeding Chall rams  with proper  phenotype in Qazvin region

Abstract: .The objective of this study was to determine the out-breeding effects on growth performance, body and fat-tail measurements of Chall lambs in Qazvin region. Two hundred yearling ewes from a 1000-head flock were divided randomly to two groups; the first group (control) mated with rams from same flock and the second group (treatment) mated with rams from another flock. Ten male lambs from each group were selected randomly for recording body dimensions and fat-tail measurements after lambing. Results indicated that circumference of neck in the treatment group was significantly higher than control group (P0.05). Fat-tail length at middle part and fat-tail circumference at upper part in the control group were significantly lower than treatment group (P0.05). Birth weight, weight at two, four, six and eight months, final weight gain and body height were not affected by the experimental groups. Length, circumference of heart girth, loin width, diagonal length, and fat-tail measurements including length at right, left and gap part; width at up, middle and down part; circumference at up, middle and down part;   depth at up, middle and down part; and weight among treatments were not significant. In total, using out-breeding rams did not affect on lambs growth performance.   

Keywords: Chall sheep, Ram's phenotype, Male lamb, Growth performance, Fat-tail measurement

Reg No: 40134

Title: The Survey  on Ticks (Ixodida)  spreading in animal housing in Lorestan province

Abstract: ,This study was done during the  years of 2003 till  2006 in Lorestan Province . At first the 76 village number  that their dominant activies the people of them were husbandry were selected. These villages were selected in different condition including topography, climate, vegetation and height from sea surface, by accomplished inspection sampling, and sampling was done on hard and soft ticks in 142 different animal house (barn) including old, repaired and new manufactured stable these sampling were done during the period of 30 minutes for each farmhouse   The total  5038 tick numbers were collected and identified in different barns. These ticks samples belonged to 2 family; the Argasidae with frequency of 78.4% and Ixodidae with frequency of 21.6% . Two genus the family of Argasidae were recognized; Ornithodrous and Argas with the frequency of 31% and 69% respectively. All collected Ixodidae family belonged to Hyalomma genus. From the survey on seasonal activity were obtained that, the soft ticks of Ornithodrous genus had the maximum activity in cold seasons and hard ticks of Hyalomma genus were active in warm seasons and Argas ticks were active in all seasons of years in different animal barn habits. The important factors that effect the establishment of ticks in barn, such as important factors in structure and climate condition inside the barns. At last all obtained Data from field and Lab were analyzed with SPSS software. for determine the relationship between old , repaired and new manufactured barns and some effective factors ,  Dancan' s multiple range test were be used for compare of means . Results of variance analysis showed that only there were significant difference in barns characters, including form and cover walls compound (p  %1) and   CO2 concentration (p %5) . there wasn t any significant difference between other characters. For obtained the best model regression between variables   used from linear regression multiple variables through step by step method Obtained results from surveys of   correlations between frequency ticks and factors that cause to establishment and activity of them in different barns showed that there was positive correlation difference between frequency Ornithodrous lahorensis with seasons, CO2 concentration, form and  compound  walls covers. (p  %1) and there was  negative  significant difference correlation of O . lahorensis and  kind barn. (p  %1).  And there was positive correlation difference between the frequency of Ornithodrous canestrinii with seasons and kind of barns. (p  %5) . There was positive significance difference between Argas persicus and CO2 concentration. (p  %5) . there was  there was positive significance difference between Hyalomma spp  condition and form and  compound  covers  walls. . (p  %1). And there was negative significance difference between Hyalomma spp and CO2 concentration. (p %5).And finally the best regression models between variable and independent correlation were obtained.   

Keywords: Ticks,  Barns , old, repaired and new manufactured stable ,Lorestan

Reg No: 40135

Title: Effects of using dietary  different compounds of Bentonite (Montmorillonite) on physiologic and metabolic consequences  relating to ascites in broilers

Abstract: In order to study physiological and metabolic factors related to ascites in broilers and effects of various types of bentonite on this factors, 200 Arian male chicks were experimented in a completely random design. At the age of 7, broilers were assigned to five equal groups based on diet: 1- diet without any forms of bentonite (control); 2- diet containing 1% sulphated sodium bentonite; 3- diet containing 1% nonprocessed sodium bentonite; 4- diet containing 1% sulphated calcium bentonite and 5- diet containing 1% nonprocessed calcium bentonite. 40 birds in each group were assigned to four 10-bird-cages (replicates). Composition of diets and other management conditions were equal for five groups according to commendations of strain guideline. Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly. Blood samples were collected from wing vain at the end of weeks 4, 5 and 6. Slaughter and weighing heart and its articles were performed at the end of weeks 5 and 6. right ventricle weight to total ventricle weight ratio (RV/TV) as the most important index of ascites at the age of 35 in the group was fed sulphated sodium bentonite (0.24) was significantly (P0.05) lower than control group (0.29). Diet containing sulphated sodium bentonite increased serum T3 and T4 concentrations (respectively, 251 and 872 ng/dl) in comparison to other groups (P0.05). Mortality rate in the group was fed sulphated sodium bentonite tended (P0.10) to decrease in comparison to control group. Bentonite addition to diet, especially in sulphated forms, increased concentrations of some important blood metabolites (glucose, triglycerides, total protein and albumin) that probably suggest improvement of nutrient absorption in the intestine. Totally in this study, among of four bentonite forms, only sulphated sodium bentonite had useful effects to lower ascites index and improved its related parameters.   

Keywords: Arian broiler, ascites, bentonite, thyroid hormones, metabolite

Reg No: 40136

Title: Determining circadian variations of serum concentrations of cortisol, immunoglobulins and metabolites in sheep

Abstract: .In order to study the circadian rhythm of serum cortisol, metabolites, immunoglobulin and enzymes and blood cells in sheep; an experiment was conducted using 4 non-lactating and non-pregnant ewes (3.5-year-old). In summer solstice, from June 21 12:00 AM to June 22 12:00 AM (for 24 hours), blood samples were collected via catheterized jugular vein in 2-hour intervals. For more accurate examination around light-darkness shift and vice versa, from two hours before evening twilight (dusk) and morning twilight (dawn) to two hours after them, blood sampling was performed in 1-hour intervals. Complete blood cell counts (CBC) were measured in heparinized complete blood samples and other parameters were measured in serum blood samples. Results of this study show that there are significant (P0.05) circadian rhythms for cortisol, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, globulin to albumin ratio, total immunoglobulin (Ig), creatin phospho kinase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and red blood cell count. There were no significant differences (P0.05) among sampling hours for other parameters, but some of this parameters (for example, Gamma glutamyl transferase) presented a nonsignificant circadian rhythm whit a good fitted function (high determination coefficient; R2). Some of important results of this study consist of a midnight cortisol pick, continual decrease of Ig during night and morning, evening pick of Ig and trend of white blood cell count to increase in the evening. Therefore, these results suggest a low stressfull condition and a better immune system (especially humoral immunity) in evening hours for sheep.   

Keywords: sheep, circadian rhythm, cortisol, immunoglobulin, metabolite, enzyme, blood cells

Reg No: 40137

Title: Economic and social evaluation of drip irrigation in citrus orchards of  Mazandaran

Abstract: .Iranian government persuades farmers to modernize their irrigation system by granting credit and subsidies. The objective of this research was to study economic and social aspects of accepting drip irrigation by farmers in Mazandaran province. Stratified and weighted mutli-staged clustered and random sampling method was applied. Size of sample was identified by applying Cochran formula, where sum 180 orchard firms were selected. To achieve the objectives of this research, the information collection instruments were, personal interviews, observations and questionnaires which were completed by personal face to face interviewing. Partial budgeting and project analysis methods were used.The finding of the study revealed that 62 percent of orchards had positive net present value and 81 percent of orchards had positive  internal rate of return. The result of partial budgeting analysis showed the positive impact of the new technology on cultivated area, yields and decreasing costs.Major problems of the system were pipe congestion, lower quality of pipes and initial investment burdon.Finally, some recommendations are made to improve the situation through more emphasis on supervision and extension services.      

Keywords:  Drip irrigation, Economic and social evaluation, Logit model, Citruses, Mazandaran, Iran

Reg No: 40138

Title: Effect of water different levels of micro irrigation on quality and yeild fruit of Thomson navel orange in the west of Mazandaran

Abstract: .To determine proper irrigation water requirment, a field experiment carried out with Thomson navel orange on flying dragon rootstock during 2007-2011. The experimental orchard had clay loam soil texture and was located in Northern Iran (Ramsar, 50  40' E , 36  54'N). Average rainfall and pan evaporation in irrigation periods (3rd decade of April to 2nd decade of September) were 311.18mm and 685.23mm, respectively. This study was implemented in a randomized complete block experiment design with five treatments and six replications. The treatments were 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 percent of full irrigation requirment (IR). IR was determined by multiplying Pan evaporation and crop and pan coefficients. Irrigation times were the same for all treatments and they were initiated when cumulative IR reached 10.9mm. Each tree was irrigated by four emitters of 4L.hr-1. Variance analysis of yield, number of fruits, irrigation water use efficiancy (IWUE), TSS and TA showed significant difference between treatments. Yeild means at irrigation amounts of 80, 100 and 120 percen of IR were 17.96, 19.28 and 20.73 kg/tree, respectively. There was not any significant differnce between the treatments of 80, 100 and 120 % of IR for yeild, number of fruits, fruit weight, diameter, peel thickness, TSS and TA. Moreover, the means of IWUE at 80 and 100% of IR, without significant difference, were 30 and 25.13 kg/m3, respectively. Treatments of 60 and 80% IR had no significant difference for yeild, IWUE, number of fruits, fruit weight, diameter, TSS and TA. In conclusion, irrigation amounts of 60 and 80% IR can be suggested in drought (or water scarcity) and normal weather conditions, respectively, for orange orchards similar to our experiment site.   

Keywords:  Irrigation amount, Citrus, pan evapotranspiration, water, drip irrigation

Reg No: 40139

Title: The measurement of bitter components quantity (Flavonoids) in different citrus cultivars under chilling and freezing conditions

Abstract: In this study, fruits damaged by freezing were collected in 2008. The samples were collected from citrus research institute which placed in Ramsar and its two research stations (Kotra and Khorramabad) sited in Tonekabon city. Also, control samples (non damaged fruits) were obtained from commercial trees. After initial evaluation, two main parts of fruit tissues were separated (peel and pulp) and after extraction procedures stored at -80 oC. Evaluating characteristics included number of seeds, peel thickness, TSS, TA, TSS/TA, total phenol, antiradical activity and amount of naringin. The results showed that the peel thickness had a positive and significant correlation with naringin content. Phenolic compounds of peel and pulp taken from non damaged fruits was higher than thus damaged fruits under freezing conditions. There were a significant correlation between peel and pulp Phenolics and antiradical activity. Naringin levels in both tissues were higher in frozen fruits than non damaged fruits. Unshiu which is known as a resistant variety to chilling injury had lower rate of naringin than other damaged fruits. Conclusion, naringin was a main compound in bitter fruits under freezing conditions, which is capable used in the processing industries.   

Keywords: Antiradical capacity, Phenol, Naringin, freezing

Reg No: 40140

Title: Study of salt tolerance in some of citrus rootstocks and biotypes

Abstract: .Salinization is one of the most important problems that restrict cultivation of crops in arid and semi-arid regions. Citrus species are sensitive to salinity and saline conditions reduce their growth and yield. For this reason a study was conducted in order to determine the salinity tolerant citrus rootstocks in 2010 and 2011.   Dezful: In this study, salinity tolerant of eight citrus rootstocks namely, Sour orange, Citrus volkameriana, Bakraiy, Cleopatra mandarin, Rrangpur lime, Sour lime, Sweet lime, Citrus macrophylla and two morphotypes namely no 1 and no 2 evaluated. The study was performed in greenhouse with four salinity levels as 500, 2000, 4000 and 6000  S/m in a complete Random Design with split plots and three replications, so in this , salinity levels in the main plot and rootstocks in the subplots. One hundred twenty days after salt treatments, plant height, chlorophyll content, proline content and concentrations of potassium, sodium and chlorine were measured. Results indicated that in 4000  S/m and 6000  S/m salinity levels most highest seedlings were rangpour lime and Cleopatra mandarin respectively. The highest concentration of potassium and sodium and chlorine the lowest amount of sodium and chlorine were observed in third and fourth salinity levels in morphotype no 1. The highest level of proline was observed in  morphotype no 1.   Ramsar:  In this study was conducted to identifying tolerant genotypes among unknown ones from Kotra research station in Iran Citrus Research Institute (Ramsar) in 1388-1389. The experiment was performed in factorial, based on completely randomized design in three replications, using the six-month old Citrus seedlings and four salinity levels: 0(control), 2, 4 and 6 dsm-1 , for 16 weeks in greenhouse condition and effect of salinity on fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem length and diameter, relative water content (RWC) and stomatal density, concentration of Cl, Na and K in root and leaves, content of proline, soluble sugars, chlorophyll a and b, protein, lipid peroxidation and the activity of peroxidase (POD) in 10 Citrus genotypes along with two varieties of Cleopatra mandarin and Swingle citromelo were investigated. The results showed that, the interaction of genotypes and salinity levels did not show significant difference in RWC and stomatal density, K concentration in root and leaves and Na in root, chlorophyll a and b and protein content. Shoot fresh and dry weight of genotypes No.4 and 6 were significantly (P0.01) reduced. Root fresh and dry weight in genotypes No.4, 7 and 6, compared to control, significantly decreased (P0.01). Stem length in genotype No.3 and stem diameter in genotype No.9 significantly decreased (P0.01). The concentration of Cl in leaves and root of genotype No.7 and 6 increased significantly, wheras, Cleopatra mandarin and genotype No.9 had lower levels of Cl in leaves. The increase of Na concentration in leaves of genotype No.6 and Cleopatra in comparison with control plants was significant. The level of lipid peroxidation, in genotypes No.6, 4 and 3 increased significantly (P 0.01) compare to control, while the lowest level was in genotype No.9 and Cleopatra mandarin. Prolin content increased significantly (P 0.01) in genotype No.10 and Cleopatra mandarin than others. Total chlorophyll content decreased significantly (P 0.05) in genotypes No.6, 3 and 4. Swingle citrumelo and genotype No.5 had significant increase in POD activity. Based on the results, genotypes No.9, 10, 11 and 12 was better in term of total chlorophyll, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, and lipid peroxidation; and visible symptoms like chlorosis, marginal burn and leaf drop was lower in them. So, these genotypes can be considered as tolerant or semi tolerant, than others. 

Keywords: citrus, rootstocks, salinity stress, chlorophyll, potassium, sodium, chlorine, proline. Cleopatra mandarin, Swingle citrumelo

Reg No: 40141

Title: Integrated pest management of the cottony cusion scale Icerya purchasi in the west of  Mazandaran province

Abstract: The cottony cusion scale, Icerya purchasi, is one of the most important pest of citrus orchards in Mazandaran and Guilan provinces. The control measures of pest was studied in natural conditions in the west of Mazandaran province during 2008-2010. The complete randomized block design was carried out, with 11 treatments and 3 replications. Each treatment consists of two orange trees 20 years old. . Number of I. purchasi on samples has been recorded by counting live scales. One sampling was done  before application of first treatment, in February and the second ones after application of all treatments, in August. The treatments including winter pruning, ladybird releasing, summer spraying(Dorsban 2 per 1000 , emulsified oil(5 per 1000),winter pruning- ladybird releasing and control .The results revealed that ,there was significant difference between treatments at the level of 5% (p0.05). The results of compound variance analysis indicated that treatment of winter pruning-ladybird releasing- spraying had the best effective on I. purchasi control. The least effective on cottony cusion scale control observed in winter pruning treatment. Therefore the integrated control is the best method for  cottony cusion scale control.  with dorsban(2 per 1000) and  emulsified oil(5 per 1000) on the peak time of first nymphal scales. Also, use of winter pruning had    

Keywords: cottony camellia scale, nymph, dynamism

Reg No: 40142

Title: .(Study of the morpho-physiological traits and stability of grain yield in promising winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in cold regions  under post-anthesis drought stress condition (ERWYT-CD88

Abstract: .Iran is located in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Because of low average rainfall in the country, improvement of wheat varieties tolerant to drought is in top priority in research programs. In this study 15 winter and facultative bread wheat genotypes along with Shahriyar, Alvand and C-80-4 (checks) were evaluated under post-anthesis drought stress condition at Karadj, Zanjan, Arak, Hamedan and Tabriz experimental stations during 2009/10 and 2010/11 cropping seasons. Experimental design in all locations was randomized complete block (RCB) with three replications. Results of combined ANOVA showed that main effect of genotype, and interaction of location x year, genotype x location and genotype x location x year were significant. Based on results of stability analysis using simultaneous selection for yield and stability (YS), genotypes CD-88-7  with average grain yield of 5017 kg ha-1 and YS=19 was determined as the most superior and tolerant line. Using data of some morpho-physiological traits from Arak experimental station showed that 32% of grain yield was come from pre-anthesis photoassimilates which reserved in vegetative organs. Harvest index was 35%. Correlation coefficients between the traits showed significantly positive correlation between grain yield with number of spikes m-2, peduncle weight at maturity, number of grain m-2 and grain weight m-2.   

Keywords: Bread wheat, combined ANOVA, stability analysis, drought stress, grain yield,                        morpho-physiological traits

Reg No: 40143

Title: (Study of the morpho-physiological traits and stability of grain yield in promising winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in cold regions (ERWYT-C88

Abstract: .Appearance of different traits in genotypes are under genetic and environmental controls. Interaction effect of genotype x environment results different reaction of genotypes in different environments, so determination of genotypes adaptability in different environments is necessary. In this study 15 winter and facultative bread wheat genotypes plus the three check cultivars (totally 18 genotypes) were evaluated under normal irrigation at 11 research stations in 2009/10 and 2010/11 cropping seasons. Experimental design in all stations was randomized complete block with three replications. Results of combined ANOVA showed that main effect of genotype, and location x year and genotype x location x year interactions were significant. Based on results of stability analysis using simultaneous selection for yield and stability, genotypes C-88-4, C-88-13 and C-88-14 with average grain yield of 6964, 7075 and 7065 kg ha-1,  respectively were determined as the most superior genotypes. In this study using morpho-physiological data of Arak and Jolgerokh stations showed that, estimation of remobilization and pre-anthesis photoassimilation to grain (PAPCG) at Arak station were 19% and 31%, respectively. However, at Jolgerokh station perhaps due to more favorable environmental conditions the estimation for the two traits resulted negative values, i.e. no remobilization had occurred because apparently current photosynthesis was enough to fill the grains.   

Keywords: Bread wheat, combined ANOVA, stability analysis, normal irrigation, grain yield,                        morpho-physiological traits

Reg No: 40144

Title: (Study on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines and varieties in crossing blocks, formation and evaluation of F1 generations for cold regions (F1-C89

Abstract: .Plant breeding projects have included the evaluation of different germplasms for selection of superior genotypes as parents, hybridization for creation of new genetic variability, evaluation of filial generations and selection of the bests. In this  study 409 bread wheat lines and varieties were evaluated in crossing blocks to be used in crossing programs for creation of genetic variability and new populations for  desirable traits. The objective traits were high and stable yield, resistance and  tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, resistance to grain shattering, lodging and  etc. Based on the objectives, 226 F1 generations were planted and evaluated. Furthermore, complementary crosses such as back crosses, top crosses and convergent crosses were made on F1 generations which finally 146 of them were selected for further evaluation in F2 populations in 2011/12 cropping season. Besides, 369 new hybrids were created that will be evaluated as F1 generations in 2011/12 cropping season.   

Keywords: Bread wheat, hybrid necrosis, single cross, convergent cross, top cross,                             double cross, transgressive segregation

Reg No: 40145

Title: .Evaluation and selection in bread wheat segregating generations (F2-Fn) and stational preliminary yield trial (PWSN-C89) for cold zone at Karadj

Abstract: .The maximum genetic segregation appears in F2 generation and in each generation after, 50% of heterozygosity is reduced and added to homozygosity. In this study wheat germplasm in F2 to F6 generation and also genotypes in preliminary yield trial of cold zone (PWSN-C89) were evaluated at Karadj research station. F2 generation had 218 populations, each population was planted in a plot with six 20 meters long rows. F3, F4 and F5 generations had 61, 33 and 65 entries, respectively that each entry was planted in a plot with six 10 meters long rows. Also F6 had 114 lines which each line was planted as a head row in one 1 meter long row. Preliminary yield trial included 76 lines that were compared to Oroum, Zareh and Mihan  as the check varieties. Boolani, a very susceptible variety to yellow rust was used as spreader. Selection in F2, F3 and F4 was carried out using modified bulk method and in F5 and F6 generation, by single plant selection the generations were managed. Based on vigority of the single plants, spike synchrony, resistance to diseases, grain appearance and grain quality, 147, 52, 29 and 56 entries were selected from F2, F3, F4 and F5 generations, respectively. From F6 generation 22 lines were selected for further evaluation in PWSN-C90 experiment in 2011-12 cropping season. From PWSN-C89 experiment, 17 lines which were equal or better than the check cultivars were selected for PRWYT-C90 in 2011/12 cropping season. The range of grain yield of the selected lines was from 4583 to 7133 kg ha-1. Check varieties i.e. Oroum, Zareh and Mihan produced 5807, 5569 and 5615 kg ha-1, respectively.   

Keywords: Plant selection, segregating generations, bread wheat, modified bulk, stational                       preliminary yield trial

Reg No: 40146

Title: (Evaluation of advanced winter and facultative wheat genotypes underpost- anthesis drought stress condition in cold regions (ARWYT-CD89

Abstract: Iran is located in arid and/or semi-arid region of the world. Due to low average rainfall in the country, improvement of wheat cultivars tolerant to drought is in top priority in breeding programs. This study was conducted to reveal high yielding genotypes under post-anthesis drought stress condition. Experimental trials were carried out in Zanjan and Ardebil research stations using 45 lines in 2010-11 cropping season. Experimental design was RCB with three replications. Irrigation of the experiments was stopped at booting stage and no more irrigation applied. Mean grain yield of the lines ranged from 2812 to 5644 kg ha-1 and their grand mean was 4707 kg ha-1. Baesd on the results, 12 lines were selected as superiors. Grain yield of the selected lines was from 4798 to 5644, and their mean and standard deviation were 5157 and 234 kg ha-1, respectively. Overall grain yield of the lines in Zanjan (5265 kg ha-1) was higher than Ardebil (4307 kg ha-1). The selected lines will be re-evaluated in experiment of ERWYT-CD90 under drought stress condition at Karadj, Zanjan, Arak, Hamedan and Tabriz research stations during 2011-13 cropping seasons.   

Keywords: Wheat, booting stage, drought stress, yield

Reg No: 40147

Title: (Evaluation of post-anthesis drought stress in winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in preliminary yield trial in cold regions (PRWYT-CD89

Abstract: .Iran is located in arid and semi-arid region of the world. Because of low average rainfall in the country, improvement of wheat cultivars tolerant to drought stress is in top priority in breeding programs. This study was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of 95 winter and facultative wheat genotypes to post-anthesis drought stress condition using a systematic design at Karadj and Arak agricultural research stations in 2010/11 cropping season. Comparison of the genotypes and their adaptability were carried out using non-parametric statistic method of ranking. Based on present results 26 genotypes which were better than or were at the level of the check cultivars, were selected as the superior genotypes for further evaluation in advanced yield trial under drought stress (ARWYT-CD90) in 2011/12 cropping season. The range of grain yield of the selected genotypes was between 4453 and 6451 kg ha-1, and their average was 5099 kg ha-1 with standard deviation of 474 kg ha-1. Means grain yield  of the check cultivars i.e. Oroum, Zareh, Alvand and Mihan were 4611, 4933, 4110 and 4736 kg ha-1, respectively and their grand mean was 4597 kg ha-1.   

Keywords: Wheat, drought stress, ranking

Reg No: 40148

Title: (Evaluation of winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes in preliminary grain yield trial in cold regions (PRWYT-C89

Abstract: .Improved varieties play an important role in increment of production. This study was conducted for selection of bread wheat lines with high yield , agronomically appropriate traits and wide adaptation using 95 genotypes in a systematic design at 5 locations in cold regions (Karadj, Hamedan, Mashhad, Ardebil and Miandoab) in 2010/11 cropping season. Comparison of the genotypes and their adaptability were carried out using non-parametric statistic method of ranking. Based on present results 33 genotypes which were better than or were at the level of the check cultivars, were selected as the superior genotypes for further evaluation in advanced yield trial (ARWYT-C90) in 2011/12 cropping season. The range of grain yield of the selected genotypes was between 6117 and 8069 kg ha-1, and their average was 6924 kg ha-1 with standard deviation of 513 kg ha-1. Means grain yield  of the check cultivars i.e. Oroum, Zareh, Alvand and Mihan were 5143, 7262, 5817 and 7959 kg ha-1, respectively and their grand mean was 6545 kg ha-1.   

Keywords: Ranking method, grain yield, preliminary yield trial, stripe rust,                          adaptability

Reg No: 40149

Title: (Evaluation of grain yield and its stability in winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in advanced regional yield trial in cold regions (ARWYT-C89

Abstract: .Ability to find wheat varieties with high and stable yield in different environments is very important in breeding programs. This study was conducted to evaluate 48 advanced winter and facultative wheat lines in 7 agricultural research stations (Karadj, Hamedan, Mashhad, Jolgerokh, Arak, Ardebil and Miandoab) in 2010/11 cropping season. Experimental design in all locations was RCB with three replications. Results of combined ANOVA showed significant effect for genotype and genotype x location interaction. Simultaneous selection for yield and stability method (YS) was used to determine the superioir lines. The range of grain yield of 48 lines was between 5959 and 7785 kg ha-1 and their mean yield was 6990 kg ha-1. The range of gran yield of the check cultivars was between 6980 and 7605 kg ha-1. From this 48 lines, 11 lines with mean yield from 7079 to 7785 kg ha-1 resistant to yellow rust were selected for final evaluation in ERWYT-C90 experiment during 2011/13 cropping seasons.     

Keywords: Bread wheat , general adaptability, cold zone

Reg No: 40150

Title: Investigating  of quality changes of two onion varieties during storage

Abstract: In this project two main varieties Dorche and Suite Spanish grown in Isfahan were harvested in three small, medium and large sizes from a farm  that was monitored by the same management and under the same conditions. During five months of cold storage (2   2  c and relative humidity  70   5 percent, in dark environment) and  traditional  storage ( a chamber near field under conditions of temperature, relative humidity and light environment 15   5  c and 40   10 percent of relative humidity), factors including moisture, soluble solids, firmness , weight loss, sprouting and pungency were investigated in a completely randomized design with three replications. Highest moisture contents  equal to 94.6 and 93.5 percent were seen in larg size of Suite Spanish variety respectively after 4 and 5 months in cold storage. The highest percentage of soluble solids was observed in small and medium sizes of Dorche variety in traditional storage respectively after four and five months. After five months in traditional storage, the lowest firmness figured in small size of Dorche variety while highest firmness  figured in the large and medium sizes of Suites  Spanish and Dorche varieties. During 5 months of cold  storage, medium and larg sizes of Suite Spanish variety showed the highest firmness. More than 10%  of weight  drop was observed in small size of Dorche variety after 3 months storage in traditional and cold storages. The same amount of weight loss was also observed after 3 months in small size of  Suite Spanish variety in traditional storage. Varieties with small and medium sizes showed the same trend of weight loss during 3 months of cold storage. After 2 months in traditional storage, Suite Spanish variety  in different sizes  and Dorche variety in small and larg sizes  had  better storability with respectively 17.4 and 19 percent of sprouting. After 3 months cold storage small size of  Suite Spanish variety and after 2 months, small size of Dorche variety showed the best storability with  respectively 0 and 8 percent of sprouting. At the end of five months storage, the highest pungency was found in small and medium sizes of onions in cold storage. Dorche and Suite Spanish varieties stored in traditional store had respectively  the highest and lowest pungency. The highest pungency was found after five months of storage in small size of Dorche variety stored in traditional store with 7.76 micromole per gram of fresh onion weight of pyruvate. 

Keywords:Onion, variety, Quality characteristics, sprouting, Storage

Reg No: 40151

Title: The List of Hemiptera-Heteroptera in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Pentatomidae (II) ction Subfamily: Pentatominae

Abstract: .The second part of the Iranian Pentatomidae, the subfamily Pentatominae, is presented in this checklist. Pentatominae, as the largest subfamily, are plant feeders with some species of economic importance on field crops, trees and forests.  In Palaearctic region, 646 species belonging to 163 genera, 34 subgenera, and 30 tribes have been recorded (Rider, 2006). The present checklist provides distribution and taxonomic information of 119 species, 51 genera, 17 subgenera, and 11 tribes of this subfamily from different localities of Iran. The entire specimens are deposited in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (HMIM) of the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection.  The most extensive works on systematics of this subfamily, are those carried out by The Late Hoberlandt during the expedition trips of the entomologists of Check Republic from 1970 to 1977, The Late Safavi, Linnavuori, Modarres Awal, and the author during 70 years